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Lezghian etymology :

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\data\cauc\lezget
Proto-Lezghian: *näwƛ̣
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: dream
Tabasaran: niwḳ
Agul: niḳ (Bursh.)
Rutul: naq̇
Tsakhur: ńaḳ
Kryz: neq̇-ir
Budukh: neq̇-ir
Archi: nabḳ
Udi: nep:
Comment: Obl. stem *niwƛ̣a- (cf. Tab. nivḳu-, Rut. naq̇a- /with vowel levelling/, Tsakh. niḳɨ-). 4th class in all class distinguishing languages.

    Cf. Лексика 1971, 148; Гигинейшвили 1977, 135; Талибов 1980, 272.

Proto-Lezghian: *näwq:
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 tear 2 to rejoice (*'to cry of joy')
Lezghian: naʁʷ 1
Tabasaran: niwʁ / niwq: 1
Agul: neʁʷ 1
Rutul: naʁʷ 1
Tsakhur: naʁ 1
Kryz: nöʁ xijiǯ 2
Budukh: nuʁa jixǝr 2
Archi: nabq 1
Udi: neʁ 1
Comment: Cf. also Lezg. erg. naq:ʷa-di, Khl. naʁʷ, naq:ʷa-di, Tab. Düb. niwq:i, Ag. Burk. neʁʷ, Fit. nibʁʷ, Bursh. naIw ( < naʕʷ), Tsakh. Gelm. ńaʁ. Obl. base *näwq:ɨ- (cf. Tab. niwq:u-, Tsakh. Gelm. ńaʁɨ-).

    See Лексика 1971, 125; Гигинейшвили 1977, 86; Талибов 1980, 272.

Proto-Lezghian: *neIƛ̣:ʷ
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: field, cornfield
Lezghian: nik
Tsakhur: nek
Kryz: nik
Budukh: nik
Comment: Obl. base *neIƛ̣:ʷɨ- (cf. Lezg. niḳi-, Tsakh. nek:ɨ-); cf. also Tsakh. Gelm. noIk (noIki-) which points to labialisation of *ƛ̣:ʷ and pharyngealisation in PL. 4th class in all class-distingushing languages.

    See Trubetzkoy 1922, 241 (suggesting also a relationship with And. =eƛ̣:- 'to plough' - which is probably wrong, see PEC *=ērƛ̣_V).

Proto-Lezghian: *neʎ:ʷ-
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: placenta
Lezghian: gen
Rutul: nixrä
Comment: For labialisation cf. Lezg. Akht. gʷen. Since evidence is rather scanty, the root is difficult to reconstruct. The original form must have been something like *neƛʷ; the Rutul form probably reflects an original plural (cf. Lezg. gener), while in Lezg. there occurred a metathesis.
Proto-Lezghian: *niʔ
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 smell 2 mint 3 stink, stench
Lezghian: ni (pl. niʔer)1
Tabasaran: niʔ 1
Agul: niʔ 1 (Tp.)
Tsakhur: niʔi / nī 2
Kryz: neʕ 3
Budukh: neʕ 1
Comment: 4th class in all class-distinguishing languages. See Талибов 1980, 272.
Proto-Lezghian: *niƛ̣:Vj ( ~ -e-)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: sweetbrier
Rutul: niggä
Comment: Attested only in Rut., but having probable external parallels.
Proto-Lezghian: *nis:a(j)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: cheese
Lezghian: nisi / nasu
Tabasaran: nis
Agul: nis
Rutul: nisä
Tsakhur: nis:e
Kryz: nisi (/nissi)
Budukh: nusu
Comment: Cf. also Tab. Düb. nis:i, Ag. Bursh. nis: (like Tsakh. nis:e, pointing to PL *-s:-). The Kryz form with -ss- is interesting, because Kryz has lost the opposition of tense/weak fricatives; this may be a loanword from Lezg. (before this opposition was lost in Lezg. as well). Most forms reflect a PL suffixed form *nis:aj (or else *nis:ʷäj - to account for vowel labialisation in Lezg. and Bud.); Tab. and Ag. (possibly also Tsakh.), however, reflect a suffixless form *nis:a (cf. also the Ag. obl. stem nisa-). The word belongs to the 4th class in all class-distinguishing languages.

    See Бокаpев 1961, 59; Лексика 1971, 209; Гигинейшвили 1977, 119.

Proto-Lezghian: *niwq̇:a(j)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: strawberry
Lezghian: neq̇i
Tabasaran: niq:ʷ / nimq:
Rutul: niGGä
Tsakhur: niq:äj (Gelm.)
Comment: Cf. Lezg. Khl. neq:i, Tab. Kand. niwq:, Düb. niwq:i; perhaps, also Ud. bala-nq:o(j) 'blackberry' (although the meaning of the 1st component, bala-, is not clear). 4th class in Rut. and Tsakh. All the forms point unambiguously to PL *-q̇:-; thus Ag. Rich. nuq̇i 'a k. of berry (костяника)' must be a loanword, probably from Old Lak or some Lak. dialect.
Proto-Lezghian: *nɨc̣ʷ(a)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: bird, small bird, sparrow
Lezghian: nüḳ
Rutul: nɨc̣ (Khniukh.)
Archi: noc̣
Comment: Cf. also Lezg. Khl. nuc̣, Arch. obl. nac̣a, pl. noc̣or. Obl. base vowel unclear (Rut. Khniukh. nac̣a- is not sufficient for reconstruction). 4th class in Rut., Arch.

    See Хайдаков 1973,15.

Proto-Lezghian: *noƛ̣: (~ -ɨ-)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: house, room
Archi: noƛ̣:
Comment: Isolated in Arch., but having probable external parallels.
Proto-Lezghian: *nuʁVra-j
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: pus
Lezghian: ʁura
Tabasaran: nuʁra
Comment: Cf. also Lezg. Khl. ʁura id. The Lezg. form goes back to *muʁVraj (or directly to *nuʁVraj) with a regular loss of initial *mo-.
Proto-Lezghian: *nušaj (~-iw-)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: sheep (about 2 years old)
Rutul: nüšej
Tsakhur: nušej
Comment: Morphologically seems to be formed from an adverb *nuš-; cf. Rut. šäs-aj "a one-year old lamb" from šäs "last year" (PL *šʷaI-s: q.v.). However, the root was used for denoting a two-year-old animal already in PNC, cf. the external evidence.
Proto-Lezghian: *-nV-
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: obl. stem
Lezghian: -ni-
Tabasaran: -ni, -nu
Agul: -na-, -ni-
Kryz: -n- (adject.)
Udi: -n-
Proto-Lezghian: [*-nV]
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: plural
Kryz: -ni
Proto-Lezghian: *-nV
Meaning: lative
Tabasaran: -na
Kryz: -n
Comment: ? Cf. *-n.
Proto-Lezghian: [*nV-]
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: negative prefix
Udi: nu-
Proto-Lezghian: *nVḳʷV
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 gall 2 gall bladder
Lezghian: ḳʷe-zer 1 (Khl.)
Rutul: neḳi-zar 1 (Ams.)
Tsakhur: ḳɨ-zej 2 (Mishl.)
Comment: All the listed forms reflect a PL compound *nVḳʷV-c:ʷera (with *c:ʷera 'urine', 'bladder'); therefore it is rather hard to reconstruct vocalism in the stem *nVḳʷV-.
Proto-Lezghian: *nVq̇Iʷe-l
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: mouse
Archi: noq̇Ion
Udi: meIl
Comment: The Ud. form regularly goes back to *meq̇Iel < *nVq̇Iʷel. The Arch. and Ud. forms stand quite apart from other Lezghian languages, which reflect a simple root *q̇Iʷel (q.v.). We may think, that this specific Arch.-Ud. isogloss is a reflection of an old compound *nVq̇IʷV-q̇Iʷel, not preserved in other languages (otherwise we would have to deal with a fact of a quite irregular loss of the first syllable in all Lezghian languages except Arch. and Ud.).
Proto-Lezghian: *nVš(w)V- ?
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: yellow
Udi: neIšum
Comment: An isolated Ud. form (with somewhat dubious external parallels).
Proto-Lezghian: *=iž
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: (one)self
Lezghian: žuw (1-2 pers.)
Tabasaran: ž̌uw (1-2pers.)
Rutul: =iǯ
Tsakhur: =iǯ
Kryz: iǯ (2d cl.)
Archi: inž
Comment: The stem originally referred only to the 1st/2d classes (the 3d and 4th had a separate reflexive pronoun), and this situation persists in Tsakh., although other languages have modified it in different ways.

    The obl. base of this pronoun must be reconstructed as *žʷi- (1st cl.), *že- (2d cl.), cf. the Lezg. and Tab. forms (going back to the original oblique base) and Rut. ǯu- (1), ǯi- (2), Tsakh. ǯu- (1), ǯe- (2), Arch. žu- (1), že- (2).

    See Гигинейшвили 1977, 114; Aлексеев 1985, 73-74.

lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-rut,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-rut,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-rut,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-krz,lezget-udi,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-krz,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-krz,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-udi,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,
Total of 1569 records 79 pages

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